Keoladeo Ghana Bird Sanctuary at Bharatpur is one of the most important breeding and feeding grounds for migratory birds in the world. More than 30 sq.km of shallow lakes and scrubby woodland harbour over 350 bird species from as far away as Europe and Siberia. It is possible to see 150 species in a day and as many as 10 species nesting in a single tree. The main migratory season is from mid October to mid February, but many residents nest and breed in the sanctuary during the hotter months and monsoon.

The sanctuary owes its origins to Maharaja Suraj Mahl of Bharatpur. He modified Lake Keoladeo using a system of dykes and sluice gates to produce an artificial swamp during the 19th century. The resultant habitat provided ideal feeding grounds for huge numbers of birds, and a large bag for Suraj Mahl, who retained shooting rights until 1972. Bharatpur was given National Park status in 1982 to control visitors, and offer protection from illegal grazing. The sanctuary was declared a World Heritage Site in 1985 and is widely held to be the best birding site in India.

One of the most visually exciting sights is the Keoladeo Heronry with six different species of herons and egrets. Nesting alongside are Painted Storks, Ibises, Spoonbills, Jacanas and Cormorants, together with terrestrials including a variety of Babblers, Warblers and Bee-Eaters.

As the lakes, or 'jheels', begin to dry out Sarus Cranes arrive to feed on the rising insects, the courtship dances of the tallest flying bird in the world are spectacular. The influx of migrants does vary with the weather, particularly the abundance of the monsoon, and if water levels are low some local migration occurs. Aside from water fowl there are over 30 bird of prey species, in addition to owls and vultures.

Although Bharatpur is a showcase for birds there is other wildlife worthy of a mention; resident mammals include wild boar, nilgai, sambar, chital, mongoose, lesser cats and civets. Food sources for this profusion of life are equally varied, from plankton to plants, insects, fish, amphibians and reptiles.

The park is refreshingly free of any motor vehicles. Walking and cycling along raised embankments offers a unique opportunity to get closer to the rich birdlife. Many people choose a cycle rickshaw, which has the added advantage of providing a local bird expert. Boats are also available, depending on water levels and provide a different and illuminating view of the mazing diversity of bird life in the park.

The park lies between Delhi and Ranthambhore and is only 50km (an hours drive) from Agra, the ancient Moghul city of Fatehpur Sikri is also nearby. The Bund Bhareta Reservoir and National Chambal Sanctuary offer further wildlife opportunities for those with an additional day or two to spend in the area.